Optimal. Leaf size=172 \[ -\frac {1}{x}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{984-440 \sqrt {5}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{\frac {2}{3+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )}{4 \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )^{5/4} \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{\frac {1}{2} \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{984-440 \sqrt {5}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{\frac {2}{3+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )}{4 \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )^{5/4} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{\frac {1}{2} \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {5}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.06, antiderivative size = 172, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 8, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 16, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.312, Rules used = {1382, 1524,
304, 209, 212} \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt [4]{984-440 \sqrt {5}} \text {ArcTan}\left (\sqrt [4]{\frac {2}{3+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )}{4 \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )^{5/4} \text {ArcTan}\left (\sqrt [4]{\frac {1}{2} \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {1}{x}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{984-440 \sqrt {5}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{\frac {2}{3+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )}{4 \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )^{5/4} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{\frac {1}{2} \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {5}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 209
Rule 212
Rule 304
Rule 1382
Rule 1524
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (1-3 x^4+x^8\right )} \, dx &=-\frac {1}{x}+\int \frac {x^2 \left (3-x^4\right )}{1-3 x^4+x^8} \, dx\\ &=-\frac {1}{x}+\frac {1}{10} \left (-5+3 \sqrt {5}\right ) \int \frac {x^2}{-\frac {3}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+x^4} \, dx-\frac {1}{10} \left (5+3 \sqrt {5}\right ) \int \frac {x^2}{-\frac {3}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {5}}{2}+x^4} \, dx\\ &=-\frac {1}{x}-\frac {\left (3-\sqrt {5}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {3+\sqrt {5}}-\sqrt {2} x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {10}}+\frac {\left (3-\sqrt {5}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {3+\sqrt {5}}+\sqrt {2} x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {10}}+\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {3-\sqrt {5}}-\sqrt {2} x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {10}}-\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {3-\sqrt {5}}+\sqrt {2} x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt {10}}\\ &=-\frac {1}{x}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{984-440 \sqrt {5}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{\frac {2}{3+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )}{4 \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )^{5/4} \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{\frac {1}{2} \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {5}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{984-440 \sqrt {5}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{\frac {2}{3+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )}{4 \sqrt {5}}+\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )^{5/4} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt [4]{\frac {1}{2} \left (3+\sqrt {5}\right )} x\right )}{4 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {5}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.16, size = 174, normalized size = 1.01 \begin {gather*} -\frac {1}{x}-\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )}{2 \sqrt {10 \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )}}-\frac {\left (-3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )}{2 \sqrt {10 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )}}+\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{-1+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )}{2 \sqrt {10 \left (-1+\sqrt {5}\right )}}+\frac {\left (-3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {\frac {2}{1+\sqrt {5}}} x\right )}{2 \sqrt {10 \left (1+\sqrt {5}\right )}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [A]
time = 0.05, size = 135, normalized size = 0.78
method | result | size |
risch | \(-\frac {1}{x}+\frac {\left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\RootOf \left (25 \textit {\_Z}^{4}+55 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-1\right )}{\sum }\textit {\_R} \ln \left (-20 \textit {\_R}^{3}-47 \textit {\_R} +5 x \right )\right )}{4}+\frac {\left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\RootOf \left (25 \textit {\_Z}^{4}-55 \textit {\_Z}^{2}-1\right )}{\sum }\textit {\_R} \ln \left (-20 \textit {\_R}^{3}+47 \textit {\_R} +5 x \right )\right )}{4}\) | \(73\) |
default | \(\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \arctanh \left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {2 \sqrt {5}-2}}\right )}{10 \sqrt {2 \sqrt {5}-2}}-\frac {\sqrt {5}\, \left (\sqrt {5}-3\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {2 \sqrt {5}+2}}\right )}{10 \sqrt {2 \sqrt {5}+2}}+\frac {\sqrt {5}\, \left (\sqrt {5}-3\right ) \arctanh \left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {2 \sqrt {5}+2}}\right )}{10 \sqrt {2 \sqrt {5}+2}}-\frac {\left (3+\sqrt {5}\right ) \sqrt {5}\, \arctan \left (\frac {2 x}{\sqrt {2 \sqrt {5}-2}}\right )}{10 \sqrt {2 \sqrt {5}-2}}-\frac {1}{x}\) | \(135\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 321 vs.
\(2 (118) = 236\).
time = 0.37, size = 321, normalized size = 1.87 \begin {gather*} -\frac {4 \, \sqrt {10} x \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} - 11} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{40} \, \sqrt {10} \sqrt {2} \sqrt {2 \, x^{2} + \sqrt {5} + 1} \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} - 11} {\left (3 \, \sqrt {5} + 5\right )} - \frac {1}{20} \, \sqrt {10} {\left (3 \, \sqrt {5} x + 5 \, x\right )} \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} - 11}\right ) - 4 \, \sqrt {10} x \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} + 11} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{40} \, \sqrt {10} \sqrt {2} \sqrt {2 \, x^{2} + \sqrt {5} - 1} \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} + 11} {\left (3 \, \sqrt {5} - 5\right )} - \frac {1}{20} \, \sqrt {10} {\left (3 \, \sqrt {5} x - 5 \, x\right )} \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} + 11}\right ) + \sqrt {10} x \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} - 11} \log \left (\sqrt {10} \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} - 11} {\left (2 \, \sqrt {5} + 5\right )} + 10 \, x\right ) - \sqrt {10} x \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} - 11} \log \left (-\sqrt {10} \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} - 11} {\left (2 \, \sqrt {5} + 5\right )} + 10 \, x\right ) + \sqrt {10} x \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} + 11} \log \left (\sqrt {10} \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} + 11} {\left (2 \, \sqrt {5} - 5\right )} + 10 \, x\right ) - \sqrt {10} x \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} + 11} \log \left (-\sqrt {10} \sqrt {5 \, \sqrt {5} + 11} {\left (2 \, \sqrt {5} - 5\right )} + 10 \, x\right ) + 40}{40 \, x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [A]
time = 0.81, size = 63, normalized size = 0.37 \begin {gather*} \operatorname {RootSum} {\left (6400 t^{4} - 880 t^{2} - 1, \left ( t \mapsto t \log {\left (\frac {19251200 t^{7}}{11} - \frac {369792 t^{3}}{11} + x \right )} \right )\right )} + \operatorname {RootSum} {\left (6400 t^{4} + 880 t^{2} - 1, \left ( t \mapsto t \log {\left (\frac {19251200 t^{7}}{11} - \frac {369792 t^{3}}{11} + x \right )} \right )\right )} - \frac {1}{x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [A]
time = 3.54, size = 152, normalized size = 0.88 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{20} \, \sqrt {50 \, \sqrt {5} - 110} \arctan \left (\frac {x}{\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {5} + \frac {1}{2}}}\right ) - \frac {1}{20} \, \sqrt {50 \, \sqrt {5} + 110} \arctan \left (\frac {x}{\sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {5} - \frac {1}{2}}}\right ) - \frac {1}{40} \, \sqrt {50 \, \sqrt {5} - 110} \log \left ({\left | x + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {5} + \frac {1}{2}} \right |}\right ) + \frac {1}{40} \, \sqrt {50 \, \sqrt {5} - 110} \log \left ({\left | x - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {5} + \frac {1}{2}} \right |}\right ) + \frac {1}{40} \, \sqrt {50 \, \sqrt {5} + 110} \log \left ({\left | x + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {5} - \frac {1}{2}} \right |}\right ) - \frac {1}{40} \, \sqrt {50 \, \sqrt {5} + 110} \log \left ({\left | x - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {5} - \frac {1}{2}} \right |}\right ) - \frac {1}{x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [B]
time = 1.34, size = 250, normalized size = 1.45 \begin {gather*} -\frac {1}{x}-\frac {\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {x\,\sqrt {-50\,\sqrt {5}-110}\,1155{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (3025\,\sqrt {5}+6765\right )}+\frac {\sqrt {5}\,x\,\sqrt {-50\,\sqrt {5}-110}\,517{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (3025\,\sqrt {5}+6765\right )}\right )\,\sqrt {-50\,\sqrt {5}-110}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{20}+\frac {\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {x\,\sqrt {110-50\,\sqrt {5}}\,1155{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (3025\,\sqrt {5}-6765\right )}-\frac {\sqrt {5}\,x\,\sqrt {110-50\,\sqrt {5}}\,517{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (3025\,\sqrt {5}-6765\right )}\right )\,\sqrt {110-50\,\sqrt {5}}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{20}+\frac {\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {x\,\sqrt {50\,\sqrt {5}-110}\,1155{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (3025\,\sqrt {5}-6765\right )}-\frac {\sqrt {5}\,x\,\sqrt {50\,\sqrt {5}-110}\,517{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (3025\,\sqrt {5}-6765\right )}\right )\,\sqrt {50\,\sqrt {5}-110}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{20}-\frac {\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {x\,\sqrt {50\,\sqrt {5}+110}\,1155{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (3025\,\sqrt {5}+6765\right )}+\frac {\sqrt {5}\,x\,\sqrt {50\,\sqrt {5}+110}\,517{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (3025\,\sqrt {5}+6765\right )}\right )\,\sqrt {50\,\sqrt {5}+110}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{20} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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